Chemotherapy Part II

and now we are going to discuss about macro lights and aminoglycosides so coming to the macro lights so we know what all rocks come on the macro lights which include erythromycin rocks a thorough myosin clarithromycin telly through my son and og through my cell so other important questions which was a stressor which of the following is an immunosuppressant macro light so that includes tacrolimus so tacrolimus is acts as an immunosuppressant drug because of which it does it is given as a drug of choice and it is under clinical trials for treatment of many autoimmune diseases like pemphigus lichen planus etc so since it's related to oral lesions they can ask which of the following has immunosuppressive action which of the following macula it has immunosuppressive action or which of the following macro light can be given in autoimmune diseases so which other are under clinical trial then you have to go for tacrolimus which is very important okay coming to its mechanism of action it blocks the 50's ribosomes and it blocks a translocation or the unusual rearrangement of the peptide chain from the a side to P site so they can ask whether it blocks a transcription or a translocation they can ask that transcription is nothing but if this DNA is copied to make an RNA okay so RNA is formed from DNA that is transcription whereas here the macro light actually brought the translocation not transcription okay remember that translocation it blocks the translocation okay the other important questions is which of the following is secreted by the by that is L through myosin and which can be given as a single dose since it has a longer plasma half-life IG through myosin can be given as a single dose it has almost a half-life of 24 hours that the reason it is given as a single dose okay next is these macro lights actually causes mortal and receptor agonist say stimulate the mortal in receptors that the reason they can cause diarrhea okay so the adverse effects include at macro that is mortal in receptor agonist alergy cholestasis and reversible ototoxicity so these are the adverse effects of the macro lights where as the drug of choice or the you this include the claw C stands for pan droid can crawl corynebacterium and Campylobacter L stands for lignin illa a stands for atypical pneumonia and W is for whooping cough or pet roses so they can house which of the following is a drug of choice for pet roses or which of the following is a table of choice for corynebacterium then you have to go for macrolides okay so this chart gives you the brief description of the users the adverse effects and the important aspects related to macro light so have a note of it so next coming to the amino glycosides which includes the following drugs that is streptomycin gentamicin kanamycin amicus and tobramycin and topical inclusion neomycin and Framus Framm is sitting so the major toxic side effects of aminoglycosides includes that it acts on the ears and the kidneys so amongst that ototoxic drugs amicus in among the all the aminoglycosides amicus if amy castle is most ototoxic or it causes maximum hearing loss okay we'll discuss in detail so coming to its clinical uses so uses of aminoglycosides make a note of this this these points which have been given here so coming to that gentamicin photographers in an amicus in are actually against gram negative organisms including Pseudomonas but except salim nella so which of the following drug cannot be given in typhoid so you have to go for amino glycosides because it doesn't act on Salam nila so it cannot be given in typhoid okay and next important point is streptomycin guy is the first sign of drug in tuberculosis we know that the first sign of drugs is only as a different person poisons in a maritime route all and streptomycin so it includes on the first line of treatment along with plague and tularemia next is a meek acid is a second line of drug in treatment of TB and also used for multi drug-resistant tuberculosis so these two lines are very important and net Limassol in electro medicine is we can be given in serious infections neomycin can be given topically and also orally for gut sterilization in hepatic encephalopathy and the very important point is pectin or myosin which is given as a single in pencil an allergic patients suffering from gonorrhea okay so gonorrhea and also for penicillin is producing masseria gonorrhea single dose aminoglycoside which can be given as a spec to no myosin so remember these points which were previously asked so these are the important clinical uses of the amino glycosides okay and tobramycin is actually less this was a line they have makin a note of a tenuous first Gupta that is it is much less effective against an internal cartel in tropical endocarditis when compared to Gen Thomas no streptomycin so tobramycin is less effective so they can ask which of the following aminoglycoside is less effective in in tropical endocarditis and you have to go for tobramycin okay so make a note of the classification and immediately next to it right the important points related to that particular drug okay so coming to its toxicity has a said it is ototoxic nephrotoxic as well as neurotoxic so it can cause a neuromuscular blockade that's the reason it is neurotoxic so coming to the ototoxic the questions which were asses which of the following can cause major hearing loss or maximum hearing loss then you have to go for amicus and whereas streptomycin is most vegetable or toxic it can cause more vegetable or dysfunction is major with streptomycin whereas maximum hearing loss is with amicus in so remember that next in nephrotoxic also gentamicin is morse nephrotoxic okay whereas streptomycin is leafs nephrotoxic so remember these points which are very very important so they can ask which of the following amino glycosides is more snifter toxic which of the following is most ultra toxic which of the following is most vegetable or toxic then you have to have a idea so make a note of it okay and next is a neuromuscular blockade because it acts inhibits presynaptic release of the acetylcholine and decreases the sensitivity of the proposed and attacked the postsynaptic receptors so that is the reason it causes a neuromuscular blockade so remember that so these are the important points related to the side effects or the toxicity of the amino glycosides so have a note of this these important points okay and remember one thing reversible ototoxicity is with macro lights whereas irreversible or majority is irreversible ototoxicity doto toxicity is with aminoglycoside so you can have a look go to toxic it's largely irreversible so whereas reversible is with macro lights even that is important so not what all you feel is also important note exactly adjacent to that particular drug in your classification so it will be helpful in your final preparation ok so again now you have to have an idea like what all act on 30 s ribosome and what act on 50s ribosomes so by 8:30 so at 8 P by 8:30 rupees that is a tea that is amino glycosides and tetracyclines acts on 30 years ibis ohms whereas the others that is sell at 50 you can buy 830 and sell at 50 so these act on 50s ribosomes so remember that Steptoe Grameen sur le throw myosin the line özil lizard and the clindamycin the chloramphenicol act on the 50's ribosome so by 8:30 sale at 50 remember this which is a mnemonic for which acts and 30s and 50s ribosome so have a note of it okay thank you students this is a brief disc