Antibiotics

hello guys this is dr. Marjorie from Team MDS conquer will see the outline of antibiotics in this video so these are the contents of the video so this is the antibiotic definition which was given by Waxman it is a chemical substance produced by the microorganisms and inhibit the growth of or destroy the other micro organisms in the high dilution coming to the classification of antibiotics which is important so classification these are the sulfadiazine derivatives dam i know based on the chemical structure classification this is and these are the other drugs which was based on the chemical classification which includes macrolides night rocker and derivatives imidazoles quinolones ecoute any caste derivatives poly an antibiotics and imidazole derivatives so based on the mechanism of action this is the group of drugs so this is based on the spectrum of activity and this classification is based on the type of action so those are the important classifications which you can have to mention in your exam then coming to the sulfonamides this is the classification of the sulfonamides based on the action and this is the spectrum of action where it is a bacteriostatic and pharmacokinetics includes their extensively bound to the plasma proteins and this dough should be reduced in the renal failure this is a mechanism of action we're here this para my no benzoic acid or the folate synthase is converted into dihydrofolate code i draw for later reductase which finally gives rise to the tetrahydrofolate acid so in this step the sulfonamides are you will inhibit this step so you can see here the sulfonamides will inhibit the step here trimethoprim will inhibit the step here then these are the adverse effects of the sulfonamides then coming to the uses of sulfonamides this is the uses of the sulfonamides you can mention here like urinary infections toxoplasmosis and lymphogranuloma venereum malarial CT of colitis in ulcerative colitis we can use for the prophylactic use use and this other grosses of the drugs and which are short intermediate and long acting then coming to the cotrimoxazole this is a bacteriostatic or a bactericidal drag and trimethoprim plus alpha methoxy sole is the cotrimoxazole then this is the uses of the drug and this is the adverse effect of the cotrimoxazole then coming to the dosage for the children this is a reps or a suspension and dry with the prim overall and the sulfamethoxazole then coming to the quinolones in alone to the synthetic antimicrobial agents and these are the examples of the quinolones and this is the adverse effect this is the uses and this is the dosage you have to mention then coming to the floor open Alone's and this fluoroquinolones are divided into first generation second generation and this is the examples of those generations and the pharmacokinetics into their early well observed and they can cross the blood-brain barrier this is the important thing and they are antibacterial spectrum i got both grandpa's t and gram limiting any routes then this is the mechanism of action in the bactericidal which decrease the DNA gyrase where it is the RS the multiplication by decreasing the topoisomerase then these are the uses of fluoroquinolones and this is the adverse effects and this is one of the important thing this is contraindicated after 18 years of a so you can see that those ages of the drugs of this fluoroquinolones you can write few those ages if you need then coming to the penicillin is very important penicillin was discovered by the Alexander Fleming so they're called as beta lactams by him and if you see the mechanism of action here see this transpeptidase is a repents and binding proteases will act here then classification includes natural and semi synthetic and these are the types of pendulums in the semi synthetic group like acid resistant pencil in a race resistant a mine open saloons and anti Pseudomonas penicillin and these are the penicillin G it's spectrum of action pharmacokinetics preparation and dosages and adverse reactions and this is the uses of this pencil ins and disadvantageous then coming to the semi synthetic consonants some a synthetic of this is the acid resistant pencil ins and this is this is about the penicillin resistant the pencil ins then coming to pencil in resistance pencil in the examples of clocks is Alan Matheson and I closest name and this is the dosages of the drugs I'm mostly given four times a day then extended spectrum in pencil ins includes ampicillin and this is I have an anti bacterial spectrum to both gram positive and gram negative organisms this is the adverse effects and this is the uses you have to mention and these are the few important points of this ampicillin and this is the dosage of the ampicillin then amoxicillin differs because it is better absorbed orally and food does not interfere with this amoxicillin where there is a dark or less by campus limb which has an ester of ampicillin and better observed and the area will be rare and long acting so this amoxicillin dosage will be of 250 200 milligrams thrice daily oral dosage then anti sudirman all pencil ins includes carbon op a carboxy pencil ins and you read open sealants they'll examples include carbon is ananda Karen Elson and these are the add to again a Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus infections whereas you read Oh pencils will have a wide anti bacterial spectrum activity then beta lactamase inhibitors that is clavulanic acid no antibiotic activity of its own and it can be given with amoxicillin and also de cárcel him then the second example is of sul bottom it is combined with the ampicillin and that has the bathroom can be combined with the piperacillin these are the therapeutic uses of this Clavel aeneas inhibitors that is clavulanic acid beta lactamase inhibitors and mostly the my hello in facial infections as the first drug of choice will give the combination of this amoxicillin with the clavulanic acid then coming to the cephalosporins the it is derived from the fungal cephalosporin and these are the generations first second third for generations of cephalosporins available and this is the parental first generation second or first generation drugs these are the second generation drugs third generation directs and the fourth generation examples first generation mostly active again is gram positive but we gotta go and gram negative second generation less effective in is gram positive cocci anaerobes and Pseudomonas effective a guinness gram negative infection second generation third generation more active again as to there we made to Vaseline Pseudomonas whereas fourth generation mainly used in the gram-negative infections and gram positive infections so these are the uses of the cephalosporins and this is the adverse effects of the then coming to the tetracyclines tetracyclines or of this natural and semi synthetic derivatives and inspector of action includes gram-positive gram-negative bacilli and also inhibit the growth of protozoa mycoplasma so this is mechanism of action includes on 50s and dry her tears subunits tetracyclines will bind to the a site as pharmacokinetics includes like tetracycline chelate calcium and other metals whereas dr. Selig is 95 percent and we know cycle is hundred percent observe this is very important and even this point like they are distributed in saliva and zzf are also very important and this is the uses of the stretch Recycling's and contraindications in pregnancy lactation children up to eight years and this is the adverse effect then drug interactions with carbamazepine phenytoin barbiturates it will decrease the half-life of tetracycline whereas citrus eyes interfere with the pencil in action also and this is the dosage after eyes for adult and for the children then semi-synthetic tetracyclines like it given they are 95 to 100 percent observed if they given orally and minocycline dosage and this is the doxycycline dosage and we mostly use the periodontal infections then coming to the floor chloramphenicol chloramphenicol spectra from action include gram positive gram negative chlamydia and mycoplasma pneumoniae species class now half luck will be of 1.5 to 3.5 hours and this is the adverse effects of this chloramphenicol and the uses it has a wide range of uses and this is the preparations and dosage and interaction is very important because it increases the toxicity of target amide and phenytoin then coming to the micro Lites micro Lites includes the erythromycin interactions will be of toxicity with the ketoconazole carbamazepine theophylline and cyclosporine var var Ferran and prednisolone and even it interfere to the chloramphenicol and clindamycin these are the preparations and dosages and this is the adverse effects of this microlight whereas these are the uses of this macro lights then rocks will throw myosin dizzy longer acting as it's stable and more potent one and here this clarithromycin this you can use for the h pylori infection that is climb through myosin metronidazole plus ponder pro so this is very important you have to mention that is effective again is the h pylori infections then as you throw myosin it is also acid resistant it is having longer a half-life then coming to the clindamycin there is a well observed orally and used mostly in the osteogenic infections like osteomyelitis and adverse effects like colitis and diarrhea it is a prophylaxis and treatment of anaerobic infection and these are the dosage drug dosage is given here then coming to the vancomycin it is a methicillin-resistant four loko k it is active and these are the drug dosages then coming to a minor glycosides amino glycosides are highly water soluble and inhibit the protein wall synthesis and it they'll have a auto toxicity and the nephrotoxicity streptomycin spectra mostly the gram-negative bacilli kanamycin due to its toxicity its use is limited only to multi drug-resistant tuberculosis and this is that preparations and dosage of the can amazing and coming to the gentamicin and this is the adverse effects contraindication pregnancy then these are the therapeutic uses tobramycin has a better activity against the Pseudomonas pair as amicus in used in bacterium a septicemia tuberculosis then neomycin this is poorly observed orally so hence used only topically then Amida's all derivatives might renew days old this is a powerful amoeba side and spectrum includes entamoeba histolytica trichomonas vaginalis Giardia lamblia bland tedium okay an in an arabic protozoa and these are the adverse reactions and this is the dosage of the drugs most we will use 400 mg in our dental practice and these are the interactions with barbiturates decrease the efficacy with the samhita DNA decrease the liver metabolism of material and metals and produces disulfiram right reactions and this is a telepathic uses of antibiotics and this is the dosage of antibiotics okay you even they can use with a combination of other drugs like metals or place off boxes in might result less tetracycline and might reduce will please amoxicillin so that's it this is the complete basic outline of the antibiotics how do you how you have to present in your examination which we can include like what's the mechanism of action and what are the uses a lot of the adverse effects and if any present in you can mention the interactions and finally the doses okay these are the in fact and these are the references of this video i hope i hope it is very useful to everyone mmm thank you everyone have a great day