ALKALOSIS & ACIDOSIS MCQS

hi everyone today we are going to fall to a vertical which are very important in the examination bond of me which are mostly ask questions most common last question that is related to the respiratory alkalosis and Method oh okay I feel as we're dental students we are like we are not much concerned towards these concepts in topics but final thing is like we need to solve the question with greater accuracy because time duration for each person will be in the range of 40 to 50 seconds so we need to solve these questions as fast as possible now I am going to give you hints and techniques how you need to solve these empty so before going into the solving process we'll have a good discussion about what's actually present topic and what are the few things that you need to remember in this particular topic right so before going make the tropics heading is like acid and base reaction right so this is the reaction that kinetics list in the blood and it's going to play a very vital role in answering the pH and bringing it back to normal and acting as a buffer okay means buffering is nothing but the smoothening process okay in simple language but before so the patients coming to the pH of the blood the normal pH of the blood as we know that is 7.3 hi 27.45 so whenever there's peace and increasing in these values whenever there it is increasing the pH value a simple reduce for definite alkalosis whenever there is decrease in the pH value it is not ever thank you know simple simple language okay so Mulder like that what you need to know regarding the normal blood gas values a few things that you need to remember so what values you need to remember coming to the values that you need to remember the blood values one in pH already discussed 7.35 to 7.45 next is bicarbonate ion concentration which is 22 to 26 milli : to score later so the I feel like these are the two things that are much important for solving an institute in the examination hall rather there are many other values that you can remember and few among them are the parts from the my coordinate value which is the range of 20 to the rotating you need to remember the H+ ion concentration that is 40 whole per liter so apart from these there are partial pressure of oxygen which is going to be 750 200mm of 50 and partial pressure of carbon dioxide which will be in the range of 35 to 45 mm of Hg so these are the few values that you need to remember for according to me these are the two values which are more important rather than the whole okay the next movie like what are the diagonals we have four options in every question of this metabolic acidosis an algorithm we have four options we are going to discuss these four options right now so one is axial doses and second one is alkalosis okay so before going to this I want to give some good information okay this is very very useful one so the basic things that what is going to happen the blood is like carbon dioxide which is present in the blood is going to react with the blood nothing but water in it so it's going to form h2co3 that is carbonic acid so charge I am going to dissociate into H+ ion which is hydrogen ion plus let's see what ray - that is by Harkonnen this equation is very very important and I want to make it very simple okay very simple that think imagine that this H+ even acid and this by coordinate as a base whenever there is increasing in the h plus R means acid the pH is going to be decreased so these are inversely proportional whenever there is increasing in the face the pH is going to increase these are directly proportional because in the language so let's move to the restenosis and alkalosis if you go in detail it reduces to discuss whenever there is decreasing the pH alkalosis whenever there is increasing the pH underneath for G be of two types so one is metabolic and second one is respiratory one is metabolic and second one is respirator right so always correlate these things with C would 60 moto is involved there is going to be a spreader always compare he will do with respiratory and bicarbonate with metabolic okay so how they apply these concepts will be very clear it is called few M jitters so one more code allow this code actually so one more code behind this is M and B so what is M and B actually very simple M and B you remember it so M is nothing but metabolic and D is nothing but directly proportional so whenever there we two increments like pH fancy voltage it leads to increment R in the same direction so whenever there is increase in pH and whenever there is increasing this devotee so it is directly proportional so it is directly proportional so its metabolic so these values given information is related to the metabolic right and there is increase in the pH so it is metabolic alkalosis clear so second value is like whenever they be decreasing in the previous value as well as decreasing this devotees I think they are directly proportional so again it is metabolic and it's going to be decreased so it is extra dose with that so clear so opposite okay whenever it is inversely proposed that actly proportion it is metabolic whenever it is inversely proportional so the inversely proportional is desperate so when I was very decreasing in the preheat and increasing the sea water it is respiratory decrease in spectral whenever there is increasing in the pH and decreasing in the sea volume it is again respiratory and it is alcohol I told like always whenever there is respiratory remember the co2 value it logically works here whenever there is increasing the co2 value means more address so there will be decreasing Romanian so it works in a correct way whenever you consider respiratory related to the carbon dioxide I think I hope you guys are clear of the Tees values and the concepts behind this okay so now we are going to solve umcg related this which are taken from the previous examination coming to the first question the primary increase in the carbon dioxide in the body it seen in the case of wherever their reasoning leading in the carbon dioxide value I told there will be decreasing the pH right so whenever this happened this happened logically carbon dioxide I told you guys to remember it as respirator so increasing in the co2 decreases the pH means pH is decreased so it is explosive it can be any of these a surface so it is related to the carbon dioxide it is called as a respiratory clear first question it's all coming to the second question we are the investigation gas values of an individual who's on ventilation and shows the values like decreasing in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide okay and normal photo and the pH is 7 point 7 okay just note the piece is 7 point 5 it is alkalosis right so you can remove these options acidosis as does is very much so number can be either a or P and you need to identify whether this is related to the metabolic or whether it is related to the respiratory the next star okay so thing is like whenever P zero two values of decrease mean acid is decreasing so the pH value has to increase and yes it is increased so definitely it is related to the carbon dioxide levels because the equation is balanced so it is respiratory again because it is related to the carbon dioxide - sorry we see what - PP water right so it is related to the carbon dioxide so the answer is respiratory introduced sorry respiratory alkalosis transferring a - coming to the third question a female patient after an injury come to the cashew ality and her samples are like this clearly given the pH is decreasing so you can remove whenever the pH is decreasing the answer can be hazardous so you can remove the option X and option B clear so it can be is at B or C and you have to identify whether it is related with the respiratory or whether it is related to the metabolic okay we apply this MD code here okay almost you lose that directly solve an easy way of solving whenever there is decreasing in the pH values right it should be related to the respiration carbonised of the have given the carbon dioxide values are increasing with acid is increasing so the pH should be clearer the other P which is decreased and p0 values are in there so it is related to the respiratory again so it is respiratory instead of this node here so the next question again the sample q 7.2 pH which is less than the normal means it is extra dose clear and the there is an information that both the pco2 values decrease okay the pco2 value decrease as well as this decreases okay both the people presume the PP one to values and decreasing in that thank you agree - I am values clear so just just make it as very simple whenever there is decreasing in the pco2 values okay there is a small correction here pco2 value is increased whereas the y-coordinate value is details okay it was not printed so whenever there is increasing in the pc-12 value okay if you go to value is increased so asset is increased so the pH should decrease so it is related to the respiratory so it is related to the respirator clear and whenever there is decreasing in this y coordinate value so whenever my coordinate buffer is decreased so reciprocate Li the face appropriating Li the buffer is decreased so the acid pH value is going to be decreased because it is directly proportional decrease the peopling so the pH values decrease so it is related to the metal body also decrease in the pH has diagnosed it as an integer this both decreasing in the bicarbonate ion values and increasing in the pco2 valid has made it respiratory as well as metabolic the answer is C so the next question the next question is the different way different variety of question the question is they can add a world like this extra whip it means it is how it is getting compensated or as they can ask what is the diagnosis or they can ask like how it is compensated for example if it is diagnosed as metabolic acidosis then it is it will be compensated in opposite by metabolic will be replaced by respiratory and it blows it will be reflexology for example if it is respiratory acidosis then it is compensated by metabolic alkalosis okay I mean the options are wrong yet if how we get compensated means a respiratory so this is compensated by metabolic alkalosis and a metabolic alkalosis compensated various characteristics so it's going to be offers if the two words are going to opposite or it is going to be crisscross then they are asking about the compensation or whenever they are asking about the diagnosis that i quess willing as dying whenever there was the compensation the compensation will be upwards into the two one here which means it is how it is compensated are meaningless so we go deep into the question analysis how gives an information 7.12 means it is acidosis so it can be acidosis a few doses as there's no elimination but logically by compensation is suppose it cannot be compensated by its losses so you can eliminate the option C so you can clearly eliminate the option C and acidosis cannot be compensated various doses is an element option D extra doses cannot be compensated versus you can tell em that option being simple without going in detail into the questions by just analyzing a logical ways of analyzing a question this is a typical way of analyzing and cushion by seeing this option you can just go through the options and you can come to us answer is a pusher this is all good right okay so it is it is just it is definitely it's done so the pco2 values the pc covers are well is okay ignore the pco2 value here okay but take the consideration of bicornis value the normal by populate what we have discussed is 22 to 36 and the pi coordinate value is less here so whenever the by coordinate value is less and the ph is less means my quadrant is less logically pH is less already told like if they're in the same way definitely it is because of metabolic because I have told you in the beginning that if it is related to the carbonyl said it will be respiratory if it is rated to the metabolic I convert and it will be related to metabolic stood answer is metabolic acidosis which will be compensated by opposite metabolic will be replaced by respiratory and is low this will be respect and follow simple okay so the next last that investigations have given an information so I will solve we solve if there is any chance of eliminating the question that will close the question and we'll answer respiratory acidosis cannot be replaced by a cirrhosis so the answer is won't be you can eliminate it and respiratory alkalosis can be reduced by metabolic acidosis I'm very good it can be and respiratory acidosis can be replaced by metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis so the better option is like giving information regarding the - even this this is and disperse them but this gives more information so you can eliminate this option definitely it can be also right answer but this is the best answer always we need to go for the best answer so it can be eliminated so this is eliminated this is eliminated and you're left over with two options so simple way is like 7.35 is the basic value and the value is less so it is a two doses so there is one method OSes option no need to go deep into the question going with the values simple way C can be eliminated now so the answer is a for this question so how to solve now we are going to integer so 36 what is the value actually 22 to 25 is all well so this is increase and the pH is decreased so actually the bicarbonate value is increasing the pH should increase so it is not increasing so the equinox node fit for the metabolic so the equation is going to be further respiratory stands there is respiratory cirrhosis which is going to be compensated this metabolic alkalosis okay thank you I hope you enjoyed this this is all like I just want to make things very simple I want this is the heart which is a smart work which makes or answers the things fast in the examination because in examination by accuracy is important obviously but speed is going to play a very wise means you need to make this cup very simple very very simple in fact very easy because you need to answer each and every question in just 40 seconds or 45 seconds max so time management is going to play a very vital role I hope you had a good time and thank you please try to subscribe if you want further more updates related to the MDL scope by request