32 SERIES (VEDIO NO 25)

hello everyone this is dr. Amiya from team MDS conquer in this video we are going to discuss 32 important points regarding physiology of renal system point number one normal urinary output is 1.15 liters number to increase urinary output is called polyuria number 3 reduce urinary output is called a Liguria for stoppage of urine formation is called anuria 5 loss of proteins in urine is called protein area 6 loss of RBC and urine is called hematuria number 7 excess glucose loss in urine is called glycosuria number 8 they increase osmotic pressure prevents the reabsorption of water leading to excretion of excess water through urine this phenomenon is called osmotic diuresis mannitol urea sucrose and glucose are the best osmotic diuretic see number nine brush border is present in the convoluted tubules number 10 hairpin Bend is seen in the loop of Henle number 11 the part of nephron that is least permeable to water is ascending limb buff loop of Henle fluid in this segment becomes hypertonic number 12 this descending limb both loop of Henle is highly permeable to water fluid in this segment becomes hypertonic number 14 glucose is completely reabsorbed actively in the proximal convoluted tubules if it's concentration is below 180 milligrams in blood this is called renal threshold of glucose number 15 high threshold substances are glucose amino acids and vitamins number 16 low threshold substances are urea uric acid and phosphate number saline clean non threshold substances are creatinine 18 antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin is secreted in the supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus and is released in the posterior pituitary number 19 and the diuretic hormone vasopressin is synthesized in hypothalamic nuclei number 20 in kidney the structures which form the counter current system are the loop of Henle and Vasa recta number 21 loop of Henle is counter current multi-player whereas the Vasa recta is counter current exchanger number 23 sodium is secreted and water is absorbed into the medullary inter cesium in the descending limb whereas sodium is absorbed and water is secreted in the ascending limb this is called counter-current exchange by Vasa recta number 24 tubular transport maximum is the rate at which a substance is very absorbed from the renal tubular number 25 tubular transport - month for glucose is 375 milligrams folk minute number 26 renal threshold of glucose is 180 milligrams per deciliter number 27 renal plasma clearance is the volume of plasma from which a substance is completely removed by the kidney in a given amount of time number 28 during resting conditions the kidneys received 1300 milliliter of blood per minute or 26 percent of cardiac output number 29 I mean the low corticoids released from the adrenal cortex increases the reabsorption of sodium in proximal tubule ascending limb and destroy convoluted tubules number 30 two-thirds of sodium is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules number 31 gigolos glomerular feedback in this as the rate of flow through the ascending limb of loop of Henle and 1st part of distal convoluted tubules increases glomerular filtration in the same nephron decreases and conversely a decrease in flow increases the GFR this is called feedback and it maintains the constancy of flowed delivered to the distal tubules number 32 Glomar low tubular balance it is an increase in the GFR causes an increase in the reabsorption of solutes and consequently of water primarily in the proximal tubular so that in general the percentage of solute reabsorbed is held constant this process is called as gloom hollow tubular balance on this prominent for sodium that's it for today's thirty two session guys all the points discussed here are very important from neat and aims point of view hope you all revise them well thank you